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Understanding what factors play a role in people's decisions to travel during a pandemic is important to public health officials and to stakeholders in the travel and tourism industry in the United States (US) and worldwide. This study examines factors influencing people's decisions to cancel/postpone recreational travel within the US amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. Our conceptual framework extends the Expected Utility model, commonly used in economics to model decisions under risk and uncertainty, to incorporate subjective norms and perceived behavioral control from the Theory of Planned Behavior. Our results suggest that risk perceptions, subjective norms, and concerns over transmitting COVID-19 to others play a significant role in the decision to cancel and postpone recreational travel. Results also suggest that perceived behavioral control may be less relevant to travel decisions when traveling involves elevated health risks.
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SARS-CoV-2 infection in the pediatric population usually mani-fests with mild symptoms;however, in patients with comorbidities, there may be a severe pulmonary compromise. We present the case of a 3-month-old patient with acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, with persistent respiratory symptoms up to 8 weeks after the initial infection, with a persistently positive PCR test, requiring several hospitalizations, supplemental oxygen, and even invasive mechanical ventilation. Clinical and radiological manifestations were found consistent with bronchiolitis obliterans associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. An adequate clinical response was documented after starting first-line treatment for bronchiolitis obliterans with satisfactory evolution during follow-up to date, evidencing the importance of considering this association in clinical practice.Copyright © 2022, Sociedad Chilena de Infectologia. All rights reserved.
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Health centers, in recent times, are being considered as important resources to take care of people's health, with greater importance with the arrival of the pandemic produced by COVID-19, where one of the main concerns was to be able to increase their medical equipment. These actions are very helpful, but in some cases, the requirement on the consumption of electrical energy is ignored, which can cause a decrease in voltage levels, which would cause a malfunction of the medical equipment and current surges, which would lead to much of the equipment connected to the electrical network being affected. The proposed methodology is based on being able to monitor and evaluate the consumption of electrical energy, organized under an IoT network configuration, to measure by areas and by critical services that may be affected, and to measure the current and voltage at each critical point. To test the methodology, current and voltage sensors will be used. As an IoT interface, the 16-bit PIC-IoT, a module, was made in LabVIEW to monitor and evaluate the measurements. Copyright © 2022, IGI Global.
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Inadequate infection control, wound care, and oral hygiene protocols in nursing homes pose challenges to residents' quality of life. Based on the outcomes from a focus group meeting and a literature search, this narrative review evaluates the current and potential roles of antiseptics within nursing home infection management procedures. We examine contemporary strategies and concerns within the management of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA; including decolonization regimes), chronic wound care, and oral hygiene, and review the available data for the use of antiseptics, with a focus on povidone-iodine. Compared with chlorhexidine, polyhexanide, and silver, povidone-iodine has a broader spectrum of antimicrobial activity, with rapid and potent activity against MRSA and other microbes found in chronic wounds, including biofilms. As no reports of bacterial resistance or cross-resistance following exposure to povidone-iodine exist, it may be preferable for MRSA decolonization compared with mupirocin and chlorhexidine, which can lead to resistant MRSA strains. Povidone-iodine oral products have greater efficacy against oral pathogens compared with other antiseptics such as chlorhexidine mouthwash, highlighting the clinical benefit of povidone-iodine in oral care. Additionally, povidone-iodine-based products, including mouthwash, have demonstrated rapid in-vitro virucidal activity against SARS-CoV-2 and may help reduce its transmission if incorporated into nursing home coronavirus 2019 control protocols. Importantly, povidone-iodine activity is not adversely affected by organic material, such as that found in chronic wounds and the oral cavity. Povidone-iodine is a promising antiseptic agent for the management of infections in the nursing home setting, including MRSA decolonization procedures, chronic wound management, and oral care.
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BACKGROUND AND AIM: The clinical presentation and severity of (MIS-C) presents a very low mortality in high-income countries. This research describes clinical characteristics of MIS-C in critically ill children in middleincome countries and factors associated with mortality and critical outcomes. METHOD(S): Observational cohort study in 14 (PICUs) in Colombia between April 2020 -January 2021. Patient age from one month to18 years, that met WHO requirements for MIS-C. RESULT(S): There were 78 children in this study. The median age was seven years (IQR 1-11), 18 % (14/78) were under one year old. 35 % of patients (29/78) were obese or overweight. 100 % had fever upon arrival to the clinic lasting at least five days (IQR 3.7-6). 70 % (55/78) of patients had diarrhea, and 87% (68/78) shock or systolic myocardial dysfunction (78 %), 35% (27/78) coronary aneurysms, and pericardial effusion in 36 %.There was a higher mortality rate compared to high in-come countries (9 % vs. 1.8 %;p=0.001). When assessing the group of patients who died, ferritin levels was above 500 ngr/mL (100 % vs. 45 %;p=0.012), as well as more cardiovascular complications (100 % vs. 54 %;p = 0.019). CONCLUSION(S): MIS-C in critically ill children living in a middle-income country has some clinical, laboratory, and echocardiographic characteristics, similar to high-income countries. Inflammatory response and cardiovascular involvement added to the difficulties in accessing the healthcare system in limited resources countries, could explain the greater mortality seen. Prospective studies are needed to compare the differences found in MIS-C outcomes between countries with different income.
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Introduction: In the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection, it has been proposed that oxidative stress may contribute to the management of COVID-19 severity. The impact on the well-being of patients with COVID-19 using cysteine-providing supplements has not yet been evaluated and there is a need to understand the benefits and limitations they may offer.Aim: The aim of this study is to understand the experiences of improved well-being with cysteine-rich whey protein supplementation (Immunocal (R)) in patients with COVID-19.Methods: A qualitative study was conducted by conducting semi-structured interviews with four participants taking Immunocal (R) while they had COVID-19. Participants were randomly recruited through internet networking. Ethical approval was obtained from the University ethics committee. Participants were informed of the study objectives two days in advance and consent was obtained before interviews began. We used the 16-item "Use of Immunocal supplement for COVID-19" (USIC-19) questionnaire to inquire about COVID-19 behavior (time of illness, symptoms, and severity of illness) and the experience of using the supplement during illness. Confidentiality was maintained throughout this study.Results: All participants presented mild discomfort such as headache, weakness, and tiredness when they had COVID-19 impacting most of them emotionally. The use of Immunocal (R) produced a partial improvement in all patients as only two continued to experience fatigue. Immunocal (R) improved the mood (50%) and physical health of the participants. In addition, participants reported that the supplement was recommended and dosed primarily by a consultant and that they did not feel hesitant to use it because of previous experiences of friends and family. The daily dosage of half of the participants was two sachets and all felt the need to consume the supplement which resulted in daily use.Conclusion: Following the daily dosage indications of the consultants, the participants who have consumed Inmunocal (R) have presented a partial improvement of the symptoms related to COVID-19, however, they feel the need to consume the supplement daily to improve their quality of life.
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Summary: Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease (KFD) or histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitys is a rare disorder characterized by subacute necrotizing regional lymphadenopathy. It is usually presented as painful cervical nodes and associated with fever, headache, night sweats, nausea, vomiting and sore throat. Etiology of KFD is still unclear, two theories have been proposed: infections and autoimmune origin. Due to recent reports of KFD related to COVID-19 vaccination, the novelty of the mechanism of these vaccines and the immunomodulated role of both matters, a literature and adverse event databases review was carried out in order to shed light on the relationship between these two matters. A search in the Spanish and the European adverse events databases (FEDRA and Eudravigilance) was performed. Search criteria were any drug and the diagnosis "Histiocytic necrotising lymphadenitis" according to the Medical Dictionary for Medical Activities version 25.0. All adverse events registered as June 2, 2022, were included. FEDRA encompassed two KFD reports, one related to a mRNA COVID-19 vaccine. Eudravigilance included a total of 62 KFD cases, 14 of them associated to COVID-19 vaccines and eight to other vaccines. Pharmacovigilance is of utter importance in detecting adverse events caused by new vaccines. More research is needed to establish a final connection between KFD and COVD-19 vaccines, but due to the physiopathology of the condition, how vaccines stimulate the immune system and the high number of reported KFD cases with vaccines given its rare incidence, it is plausible to think that both entities are related.
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Introduction Cervical cancer is the second most frequent malignant disease in the Peruvian female popula-tion, and the Papanicolaou test is its main screening tool. However, the COVID- 19 pandemic can hinder cervical cancer screening, reducing its scope.Objective To analyze the decline of Papanicolaou- based cervical cancer screening due to COVID- 19 in a specialized hospital in Lima. Methods We designed a retrospective study (from 2015 to 2020) on 355 029 Papanicolaou smears at the Hospital Nacional Madre Nino San Bartolome. T -test and one -way ANOVA were used to de-fine differences in the study period and Ljung- Box test with ARIMA (1,0,0) model to describe and forecast monthly expected Papanicolaou smears for 2020.Results Throughout the six years of the study, the average Papanicolaou smears was 59 171.5 +/- 8898.7 per year. However, in 2020 only 16 273 (4.58%) Papanicolaou tests were performed with a monthly mean of 1356.1 +/- 684.2 (95% confidence interval 149.7 to 2861.9) (p < 0.001). The forecast showed 66 960 Papanicolaou smears for 2020 and a monthly mean of 5580 +/- 129.3. Actual screenings during that year were only 16 273 Papanicolaou smears, resulting in a 76.7% reduction in cervical cancer screening during the pandemic.Conclusions Our results suggest a dramatic decrease in cervical cancer screening based on Papanicolaou smears during 2020 in Peru due to prevention and control measures against COVID- 19.
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Rural community tourism or also called experiential tourism has become a main source of income for different communities that preserve traditions and customs from generation to generation, tourism in general contributes 9.3% to the Peruvian GDP. Therefore, defining the current situation of rural community tourism is imperative to establish risks and benefits of its application in a country in economic development such as Peru. It is important to recognize that Peru has a competitive advantage over other countries that practice TRC, due to its cultural, historical and geographical benefits. The present investigation is of a descriptive nature, for which the information was organized with the use of bibliographic source managers, and using digital tools for the categorization of the sources from higher to lower priority, on the other hand, structured interviews were applied to two representatives tourism managers. With the research carried out, it is concluded that this activity brings great benefits to the communities, such as development and growth, the generation of jobs and the promotion of tourism in general, however, Peru needs to continue promoting tourist activity, taking as reference other countries that exploit it more efficiently. © 2022 Latin American and Caribbean Consortium of Engineering Institutions. All rights reserved.
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Over the years, a wide variety of respiratory diseases have caused a high mortality rate throughout the world. This was again observed with the appearance of the pandemic, COVID-19. In addition, the most affected are people living in extreme poverty. The objective is design a mobile health application for the registration and diagnosis of respiratory diseases. For this, the RUP methodology was applied, because it easily adapts to various types of projects. Its use, together with the UML process development software, allows the analysis, implementation and documentation of object oriented systems. For validation, a user survey was carried out and the questionnaire was based on the dimensions of functionality, efficiency, effectiveness and satisfaction. Obtaining as a result a positive qualification to the design of the application and its acceptance due to the reduction in the time to obtain the diagnosis. In conclusion, a mobile health application design was successfully carried out so that patients can register and have the diagnosis of respiratory diseases from the comfort of their home.
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The world is currently facing a digital revolution where all sectors are adapting to industrial digitization. Statistically, the Covid-19 pandemic has generated a notable increase in the number of businesses nationwide, to finally represent 42% of all businesses by 2021. Digitization and adaptation of previously established concepts to establish a brand and generating digital marketing strategies have been changing considerably, the latter makes it essential, for the potential growth of a company, the management of available digital tools, that is why this research sought to cover in a general but detained way the tools that can potentially promote a business today. Said tools were mentioned in no specific order, and their functional aspects and applications were defined, but not their handling, since this will depend on the skill and interest of the user. Finally, this research does not pretend to establish preferences for any tool, they are rather recommendations given by the authors and that in final terms represent the basis for future research. © 2021 Latin American and Caribbean Consortium of Engineering Institutions. All rights reserved.
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Introduction: The fear of COVID-19 has spread worldwide, affecting all communities, including university students. It is required to have tools to measure this fear. Objective: To validate the translate Spanish version of the FCV-19S questionnaire (Fear of COVID-19 Scale). Methodology: A cross-sectional online-questionnaire-based study was conducted among Peruvian university students during the first outbreak by COVID-19. Undergraduate students with a native Spanish language, with internet access, were voluntarily included, and subjects with language comprehension problems were excluded. The translation of the questionnaire was carried out under a standardized protocol and an observational evaluation was applied to assess the validity and reliability of FCV-S19 with α-Cronbach, Pearson's correlation, and factor analysis. Results: Two-hundred eight university students with an average age of 25.9 ± 5.9 (IC95 %: 25.1 a 26.7) years were surveyed, where more than half were women (58.7 %) and approximately 57 % lived with their parents. The Cronbach alpha was ≥ 0.8 among the domains, giving a good internal consistency of the questionnaire (Cronbach alpha = 0.832). The validity of the instrument between the 7 items and the 5 categories showed an adequate correlation (p< 0.5), the Bartlett (p= 0,0001) and the Kaiser-Meyer Olkin (0,818) tests defined by factor analysis a dimension that explained 52.3 % of the total variance. Conclusions: The translation into Spanish of the FCV-19S questionnaire has optimal validity and reliability, being able to measure fear of COVID-19 in a sample of university students from Peru. © 2022, Editorial Ciencias Medicas. All rights reserved.
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During the COVID-19 pandemic, small clothing sales companies lost economic income and customers due to a lack of digital transformation, causing the dismissal of many employees. Due to this problem, our objective is to design an ecommerce mobile application for the sale of clothes, so that Small and medium-sized enterprises dedicated to this area generate income and retain their customers. For this, the Rational Unified Process (RUP) methodology was applied, because this methodology provides a structured way for companies or developers to visualize the development of the software, and for the validation by expert judgment, the survey and the questionnaire were used as instruments. Obtaining as a result a positive rating for the design of the mobile application and its acceptance to accommodate what is reflected. In conclusion, the e-commerce mobile application was successfully designed, backed by expert judgment, so that Small and medium-sized enterprises can offer their products and generate income, as well as build customer loyalty. © 2022. International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications. All Rights Reserved.